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Scheduling tools.

Understand, convert and verify cron and systemd timer schedules.

Scheduling tools

When you reach for Scheduling tools.

Cron syntax is five fields that everyone half-remembers. The ambiguity is real: day-of-month and day-of-week are ORed, not ANDed, so 0 0 13 * 5 fires on the 13th and on every Friday, not on Friday the 13th. Step values, ranges and lists compose in ways that are easy to write and hard to read back.

systemd timers solve some of this and introduce their own vocabulary. OnCalendar is more expressive than cron and less familiar, and the mapping between them is not one-to-one — a cron line with a step value does not always have an obvious OnCalendar equivalent.

These explain an expression in plain English, show you the next actual run times so you can sanity-check the reading, and convert between crontab and systemd units when you are migrating.